Monstrous Races in the Medieval English Psalter World Map

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36399/GroundingsUG.15.137

Keywords:

Mappa Mundi, Monstrous Races, Manuscriptology, Liminality, Othering, Monsters

Abstract

This article examines medieval Monstrous Races in the Psalter World Map from the thirteenth-century English Map Psalter (British Library, Add. MS 28681). It suggests the map’s reading as a pictorial expression of liminality situated in a to- and fro-ing between conceptions of Us/the Self and Them/the Other. I consider how the map exiles the Monstrous Races through spatially articulated geographical distance; inserts Them into notions of Us via inclusion in God’s salvation plan; and gestures towards a category crisis in the Us-Them divide by celebrating England’s own peripheral placement on the mappa mundi’s border. The border-space which constitutes the nexus of my investigation extends to encompass the Psalter World Map’s materiality and the self-definition by means of difference enacted by the reader-viewer in corporeal terms.

References

Augustine, The City of God, translation by Gerald Walsh. Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 2008.

Brott, LauraLee. “The Geography of Devotion in the British Library Map Psalter.” Cartographica 53, no.3 (Fall 2018): 211-224.

Brott, LauraLee. “Psalter List Map (British Library Add. MS 28681, f. 9v).” In Virtual Mappa, edited by Martin Foys, Heather Wacha et al. Philadelphia: Schoenberg Institute of Manuscript Studies, 2020. https://sims2.digitalmappa.org/36. DOI: 10.21231/ef21-ev82.

Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. “Monster Culture (Seven Theses).” In Monster Theory: Reading Culture, edited by Jeffrey Jerome Cohen. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996, 3-25.

Friedman, John Block. “Cultural conflicts in medieval world maps.” In Implicit Understandings, edited by Stuart B. Schwartz. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994, 64-96.

Friedman, John Block. The Monstrous Races in Medieval Art and Thought. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2000.

Glacken, Clarence J. Traces on the Rhodian Shore. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1967.

Hall, Edith. Inventing the Barbarian: Greek Self-Definition through Tragedy. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1989.

Harvey, P.D.A. Medieval Maps. London: British Library, 1991.

Kupfer, Marcia. “The Jerusalem Effect: Rethinking the Centre in Medieval World Maps.” In Visual Constructs of Jerusalem, edited by Bianca Küchner et al. Turnhout: Brepols, 2014, 353-365.

Lavezzo, Kathy. Angels on the Edge of the World. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2006.

Mittman, Asa S. Maps and Monsters in Medieval England. London, New York: Routledge, 2006.

Openshaw, Kathleen M. “Weapons in the Daily Battle: Images of the Conquest of Evil in the Early Medieval Psalter.” The Art Bulletin 75, no. 1 (1993): 17–38. https://doi.org/10.2307/3045930.

Orchard, Andy. Pride and Prodigies: Studies in the Monsters of the Beowulf-Manuscript. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1995.

Overing, Gillian, and Clare Lees. “Before History, Before Difference: Bodies, Metaphor, and the Church in Anglo-Saxon England.” Yale Journal of Criticism 11, no. 2 (Fall 1998), 315-334.

Pliny, The Natural History, edited and translated by John Bostock, and Henry T. Riley. London: Taylor and Francis, 1855. https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Plin.+Nat.+toc.

“Psalter Map.” British Library Digitalised Manuscript. http://www.bl.uk/manuscripts/FullDisplay.aspx?ref=Add_MS_28681.

Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos, translated by F. E. Robbins. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1940.

Ratramnus, “Epistola de Cynocephalis.” In Carolingian Civilization, edited by Paul Dutton. Plymouth: Broadview Press, 2004).

Scully, Diarmuid. “Medieval Maps and Diagrams.” In The Routledge Companion to Medieval Iconography, edited by Colum Hourihane. London, New York: Routledge, 2017, 399-411.

Strickland, Debra H. Saracens, Demons & Jews: Making Monsters in Medieval Art. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2003.

Tooley, Marian J. “Bodin and the Medieval Theory of Climate.” Speculum 28, no. 1 (January 1953): 64-83.

Uebel, Michael. “Unthinking the Monster: Twelfth-Century Responses to Saracen Alterity.” In Monster Theory: Reading Culture, edited by Jeffrey Jerome Cohen. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996, 264-291.

Woodward, David. “Medieval Mappaemundi.” In Cartography in Prehistoric, Ancient, and Medieval Europe and the Mediterranean. The History of Cartography, edited by J.B. Harley, and David Woodward. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987, 286–370.

Downloads

Published

2024-05-15

Issue

Section

Vol. XV Articles

How to Cite

Monstrous Races in the Medieval English Psalter World Map. (2024). Groundings Undergraduate Journal, 15, 10-28. https://doi.org/10.36399/GroundingsUG.15.137