Reconceptualising Barriers to Engagement with Climate Change
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36399/GroundingsUG.15.136Keywords:
Climate Change, Communication, Public Engagement, Participatory policymaking, Policy, DiscourseAbstract
This paper contributes to the discourse on climate change by emphasising the imperative for inclusive engagement, particularly at the intersection of socio-economic challenges and climate impacts in Glasgow, Scotland. Despite recent shifts towards a ‘Just Transition’ and increased public engagement efforts, working-class voices remain marginalised. To address this gap, the paper first reviews existing literature on Climate Change Communication (CCC), examining some of the competing conceptualisations of barriers and public engagement and their policy implications, and more specifically, participatory policymaking and its role in engagement. Through doing so, the central debates of how public engagement with climate change ought to be pursued will be established, and to what degree this can be understood in the context of developing engagement with working-class people. Subsequently, it proposes a novel framework synthesising insights from Lorenzoni, Sutton, and Tobin utilising an ecological Marxist perspective that aims to address barriers to climate change engagement among the working class.
References
Adger, W. Neil, Katrina Brown, and Emma L. Tompkins. “Making Waves: Integrating Coastal Conservation and Development.” Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 15, no. 1 (2004): 79-80. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/meq.2004.15.1.79.2
Arnstein, Sherry R. “A Ladder of Citizen Participation.” Journal of the American Institute of Planners 35, no. 4 (1969): 216-224. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01944366908977225
Blake, Geraldine, John Diamond, Jane Foot, Ben Gidley, Marjorie Mayo, Kalbir Shukra, and Martin Yarnit. “Community Engagement and Community Cohesion.” Joseph Rowntree Foundation, York (2008). https://www.jrf.org.uk/report/community-engagement-and-community-cohesion#downloads
Blake, James. “Overcoming the ‘Value-action Gap’ in "Environmental Policy: Tensions Between National Policy and Local Experience.” Local Environment 4, no. 3 (1999): 257-278. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839908725599
Bourdieu, Pierre. 1977 Outline of a Theory of Practice. Trans. Richard Nice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1972. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511812507
Brinkmann, Svend, and Steinar Kvale. Doing Interviews. Vol. 2. Sage, 2018. https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529716665
Brossard, Dominique, and Bruce V. Lewenstein. “A Critical Appraisal of Models of Public Understanding of Science: Using Practice to Inform Theory.” In Communicating Science, 25-53. Routledge, 2009. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203867631
Carroll, Christopher, Andrew Booth, Joanna Leaviss, and Jo Rick. ““Best Fit” Framework Synthesis: Refining the Method.” BMC Medical Research Methodology 13 (2013): 1-16. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1471-2288-13-37
Cooke, Bill, and Uma Kothari, eds. Participation: The New Tyranny?. Zed books, 2001.
Crawford, Duane W., Edgar L. Jackson, and Geoffrey Godbey. “A Hierarchical Model of Leisure Constraints.” Leisure Sciences 13, no. 4 (1991): 309-320. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490409109513147
Dixon-Woods, Mary. “Using Framework-based Synthesis for Conducting Reviews of Qualitative Studies.” BMC Medicine 9 (2011): 1-2. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/1741-7015-9-39
Dryzek, John S. “Ecological Rationality.” International Journal of Environmental Studies 21, no. 1 (1983): 5-10. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207238308710058
Eckersley, Robyn. Environmentalism and Political Theory: Toward an Ecocentric Approach. Routledge, 1992. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315072111
Eckersley, Robyn. “Politics.” in Jamieson, Dale, ed. A Companion to Environmental Philosophy. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
Eden, Sally. “Public Participation in Environmental Policy: Considering Scientific, Counter-scientific and Non-scientific Contributions.” Public Understanding of Science 5, no. 3 (1996):183. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0963-6625/5/3/001/meta
Energy and Climate Change Directorate. Big Climate Conversation: Report of Findings. Edinburgh: Scottish Government, 2020 https://www.gov.scot/publications/report-findings-big-climate-conversation/
Energy and Climate Change Directorate. Climate Change – Net Zero Nation: public engagement strategy. Edinburgh: Scottish Government. 2021. https://www.gov.scot/publications/net-zero-nation-public-engagement-strategy-climate-change/
Felt, Ulrike, Brian Wynne, Michel Callon, Maria Eduarda Gonçalves, Sheila Jasanoff, Maria Jepsen, Pierre-Benoît Joly, Zdenek Konopasek, Stefan May, and Claudia Neubauer. “Taking European Knowledge Society Seriously.” Luxembourg: DG for Research. EUR 22 (2007): 700. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maria-Eduarda-Goncalves-2/publication/342029277_Taking_European_knowledge_society_seriously_Report_of_the_expert_group_on_Science_and_governance_to_the_science_economy_and_society_directorate_Directorate-General_for_research_European_Commission/links/5f32f6d5a6fdcccc43c1f535/Taking-European-knowledge-society-seriously-Report-of-the-expert-group-on-Science-and-governance-to-the-science-economy-and-society-directorate-D-irectorate-General-for-research-European-Commission.pdf
Few, Roger, Katrina Brown, and Emma L. Tompkins. “Public Participation and Climate Change Adaptation: Avoiding the Illusion of Inclusion.” Climate Policy 7, no. 1 (2007): 46-59. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2007.9685637
Foster, John Bellamy, Brett Clark, and Richard York. The Ecological Rift: Capitalism’s War on the Earth. NYU Press, 2011. https://nyupress.org/9781583672181/the-ecological-rift/
Foster, John Bellamy. Marx’s Ecology: Materialism and Nature. NYU Press, 2000. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt9qgbtv.
Giddens, Anthony. A Contemporary Critique of Historical Materialism. Vol. 1. Univ of California Press, 1981.
Gifford, Robert, and Andreas Nilsson. “Personal and Social Factors that Influence Pro-environmental Concern and Behaviour: A Review.” International Journal of Psychology 49, no. 3 (2014): 141-157. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12034
Glasgow City Council. Glasgow’s Climate Plan. Glasgow: Glasgow City Council. 2020. https://www.glasgow.gov.uk/CHttpHandler.ashx?id=50623&p=0
Grundmann, Reiner. “The Ecological Challenge to Marxism.” New Left Review, 187, no. 1 (1991): 103-120. https://newleftreview.org/issues/i187/articles/reiner-grundmann-the-ecological-challenge-to-marxism.pdf
Harrison, Ellie. The Glasgow Effect: A Tale of Class, Capitalism and Carbon Footprint. Luath Press Limited, 2019. https://issuu.com/luathpress/docs/glasgow_effect_for_issuu_final?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=cdn.embedly.com
Hegger, Dries LT, Heleen LP Mees, Peter PJ Driessen, and Hens AC Runhaar. “The Roles of Residents in Climate Adaptation: A Systematic Review in the Case of the Netherlands.” Environmental Policy and Governance 27, no. 4 (2017): 336-350. https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.1766
Höppner, Corina, and Lorraine Whitmarsh. “Public Engagement in Climate Action: Policy and Public Expectations.” In Engaging the Public with Climate Change, 47-65. Routledge, 2012. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849775243
Hügel, Stephan, and Anna R. Davies. “Public Participation, Engagement, and Climate Change Adaptation: A Review of the Research Literature.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 11, no. 4. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.645
Hulme, Mike. Why We Disagree About Climate Change: Understanding Controversy, Inaction and Opportunity. Cambridge University Press, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511841200
IPCC. Special Report: Global Warming of 1.5 Degrees. IPCC., Geneva. 2018. https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/
Irwin, Alan, and Brian Wynne. Misunderstanding Science?: The Public Reconstruction of Science and Technology. (1996). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511563737
Islam, Nazrul, and John Winkel. Climate Change and Social Inequality. (2017). https://www.un.org/development/desa/publications/working-paper/wp152
Isunju, John Bosco, and Jaco Kemp. “Spatiotemporal Analysis of Encroachment on Wetlands: A Case of Nakivubo Wetland in Kampala, Uganda.” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 188 (2016): 1-17. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10661-016-5207-5
Jackson, Edgar L., Duane W. Crawford, and Geoffrey Godbey. “Negotiation of Leisure Constraints.” Leisure Sciences 15, no. 1 (1993): 1-11: https://doi.org/10.1080/01490409309513182
Kammerbauer, Mark, and Christine Wamsler. “Social Inequality and Marginalization in Post-disaster Recovery: Challenging the Consensus?.” International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 24 (2017): 411-418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.06.019
Kempton, Willett. “How the Public Views Climate Change.” Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 39, no. 9 (1997): 12-21. https://doi.org/10.1080/00139159709604765
King, Andrew D., and Luke J. Harrington. “The inequality of climate change from 1.5 to 2 C of global warming.” Geophysical Research Letters 45, no.10 (2018): 5030-5033. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078430
Kumpu, Ville. “What is Public Engagement and How Does It Help to Address Climate Change? A Review of Climate Communication Research.” Environmental Communication 16, no. 3 (2022): 304-316. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2022.2055601
Lewenstein, Bruce V., and Dominique Brossard. Assessing Models of Public Understanding in ELSI Outreach Materials. No. DOE/ER/63173-1. Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY (United States), 2006. https://doi.org/10.2172/876753
Lindseth, Gard. “Local Level Adaptation to Climate Change: Discursive Strategies in the Norwegian Context.” Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning 7, no. 1 (2005): 61-84. https://doi.org/10.1080/15239080500251908
Lorenzoni, Irene, Sophie Nicholson-Cole, and Lorraine Whitmarsh. “Barriers Perceived to Engaging with Climate Change Among the UK Public and Their Policy Implications.” Global Environmental Change 17, no. 3-4 (2007): 445-459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2007.01.004
McKendrick, John. “Poverty: Friend or Foe of the Global Environment?.” The Poverty Alliance 32, no. 1 (2020): 4-6. https://www.povertyalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/SAPR-32-.pdf
Mitchell, Bruce. Resource and environmental management. Routledge, 2013. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315847771
Moser, Susanne C., and Cara Pike. “Community Engagement On Adaptation: Meeting A Growing Capacity Need.” Urban Climate 14 (2015): 111-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2015.06.006
Moser, Susanne C., and Carol L. Berzonsky. “There Must Be More: Communication to Close the Cultural Divide.” The Adaptive Challenge of Climate Change (2014): 287-310. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139149389
Moser, Susanne C., and Lisa Dilling. “Making Climate Hot.” Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 46, no. 10 (2004): 32-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/00139150409605820
Mulholland, Ciaran, Maggie Pollok, Ruth Townend, Carolyn Black, and Emily Gray. Understanding and Engaging the Public on Climate Change. Ipsos MORI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7488/era/508
Munshi, Debashish, Priya Kurian, Raven Cretney, Sandra L. Morrison, and Lyn Kathlene. “Centering Culture in Public Engagement on Climate Change.” Environmental Communication 14, no. 5 (2020): 573-581. https://doi.org/10.1080/17524032.2020.1746680
Nanetti, Raffaella Y., Robert Leonardi, and Robert D. Putnam. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. (1994). https://muse.jhu.edu/book/64810/
Nicolosi, Emily, and Julia B. Corbett. “Engagement With Climate Change and the Environment: A Review of the Role of Relationships to Place.” Local Environment 23, no. 1 (2018): 77-99. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2017.1385002
Nisbet, Matthew C., and Dietram A. Scheufele. “What’s Next for Science Communication? Promising Directions and Lingering Distractions.” American Journal of Botany 96, no. 10 (2009): 1767-1778. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0900041
O’Connor, James R., ed. Natural Causes: Essays in Ecological Marxism. Guilford Press, 1998. https://archive.org/details/naturalcausesess0000ocon
O’Neill, John. “Representing People, Representing Nature, Representing the World.” Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 19, no. 4 (2001): 483-500. https://doi.org/10.1068/c12s
Owens, Susan, Tim Rayner, and Olivia Bina. “New Agendas for Appraisal: Reflections on Theory, Practice, and Research.” Environment and Planning A 36, no. 11 (2004): 1943-1959. https://doi.org/10.1068/a36281
Paavola, Jouni. “Health Impacts of Climate Change and Health and Social Inequalities in the UK.” Environmental Health 16, no. 1 (2017): 61-68. https://rdcu.be/c3ueb
Pieczka, Magda. “Critical Perspectives of Engagement.” The Handbook of Communication Engagement (2018): 549-568. https://choolskool.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/The-handbook-of-communication-engagement.pdf#page=550
Preston, Ian, Nick Banks, Katy Hargreaves, Aleksandra Kazmierczak, Karen Lucas, Ruth Mayne, Clare Downing, and Roger Street. “Climate Change and Social Justice: An Evidence Review.” (2014).https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c6a26b42-f9b9-4ec5-ae1d6c7916512825/download_file?file_format=application%2Fpdf&safe_filename=climate-change-social-justice-full.pdf&type_of_work=Record
Rosener, Judy B. “Citizen participation: Can We Measure Its Effectiveness?.” In The Age of Direct Citizen Participation, 365-373. Routledge, 2015. https://doi.org/10.2307/975505
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. Rousseau: The Social Contract and Other Later Political Writings. Cambridge University Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316584606
The Royal Society. The Public Understanding of Science. Report of a Royal Society Ad Hoc Group Endorsed by the Council of the Royal Society. ERIC Clearinghouse, 1985. https://royalsociety.org/-/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/publications/1985/10700.pdf
Royle, Camilla. “Ecological Marxism.” in Routledge Handbook of Marxism and Post-Marxism, edited by Callinicos, Alex, Eustache Kouvélakis, and Lucia Pradella, London: Routledge (2020): 443-450. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315149608
Scoones, Ian. “New Ecology and the Social Sciences: What Prospects for a Fruitful Engagement?.” Annual Review of Anthropology 28, no. 1 (1999): 479-507. https://www.jstor.org/stable/223403
Scottish Government. Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation 2020. Scottish Government, 2020. https://www.gov.scot/collections/scottish-index-of-multiple-deprivation-2020/
Semenza, Jan C., David E. Hall, Daniel J. Wilson, Brian D. Bontempo, David J. Sailor, and Linda A. George. “Public Perception of Climate Change: Voluntary Mitigation and Barriers to Behaviour Change.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 35, no. 5 (2008): 479-487. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.020
Shaw, Susan M., Arend Bonen, and John F. McCabe. “Do More Constraints Mean Less Leisure? Examining the Relationship Between Constraints and Participation.” Journal of Leisure Research 23, no. 4 (1991): 286-300. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222216.1991.11969861
Stamm, Keith R., Fiona Clark, and Paula Reynolds Eblacas. “Mass Communication and Public Understanding of Environmental Problems: The Case of Global Warming.” Public Understanding of Science 9, no. 3 (2000): 219. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0963-6625/9/3/302/meta
Stoll-Kleemann, Susanne, Tim O’Riordan, and Carlo C. Jaeger. “The Psychology of Denial Concerning Climate Mitigation Measures: Evidence From Swiss Focus Groups.” Global Environmental Change 11, no. 2 (2001): 107-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-3780(00)00061-3
Sturgis, Patrick, and Nick Allum. “Science In Society: Re-evaluating the Deficit Model of Public Attitudes.” Public Understanding of Science 13, no. 1 (2004): 55-74. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662504042690
Sutton, Stephen G., and Renae C. Tobin. “Constraints On Community Engagement With Great Barrier Reef Climate Change Reduction and Mitigation.” Global Environmental Change 21, no. 3 (2011): 894-905.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.05.006
Tanner, Carmen. “Constraints On Environmental Behaviour.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 19, no. 2 (1999): 145-157. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1999.0121
Trench, Brian. “Towards An Analytical Framework of Science Communication Models.” Communicating Science in Social Contexts: New Models, New Practices (2008): 119-135. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-8598-7_7
Vedeld, Trond, Adrien Coly, Ndeye Mareme Ndour, and Siri Hellevik. “Climate Adaptation At What Scale Multi-level Governance, Resilience, and Coproduction in Saint Louis, Senegal.” Natural Hazards 82 (2016): 173-199. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-015-1875-7
Whitmarsh, Lorraine, and Saffron O’Neill. “Opportunities For and Barriers to Engaging Individuals with Climate Change.” In Engaging the Public With Climate Change, 1-14. Routledge, 2012. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849775243
Wibeck, Victoria. “Enhancing Learning, Communication and Public Engagement About Climate Change– Some Lessons From Recent Literature.” Environmental Education Research 20, no. 3 (2014): 387-411. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504622.2013.812720
Wiseman, John, Lara Williamson, and Jess Fritze. “Community Engagement and Climate Change: Learning From Recent Australian Experience.” International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 2, no. 2 (2010): 134-147. https://doi.org/10.1108/17568691011040399
Wolf, Johanna, and Susanne C. Moser. “Individual Understandings, Perceptions, and Engagement With Climate Change: Insights From In-depth Studies Across the World.” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change 2, no. 4 (2011): 547-569. https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.120
Xiao, Yu, and Maria Watson. “Guidance On Conducting a Systematic Literature Review.” Journal of Planning Education and Research 39, no. 1 (2019): 93-112. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739456X17723971
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Dylan Brotherston
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The CC BY 4.0 license is a Creative Commons license. This is a non-copyleft free license that is good for art and entertainment works, and educational works. It is compatible with all versions of the GNU GPL; however, like all CC licenses, it should not be used on software. People are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format; Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. But they must conform to the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Please check individual article PDF copies to see if any additional restrictions apply.