Social Upheaval in pre-1789 France
Connecting the French Wars of Religion, the Flour War, and the French Revolution
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36399/GroundingsUG.13.154Keywords:
French Wars of Religion, Flour War, French Revolution, Social Upheaval, French HistoryAbstract
This essay explores the French Wars of Religion and the Flour War, comparing them with the French Revolution, in its study of social upheaval in France before 1789. Research surrounding this has been conducted for many years, and different scholars have offered different interpretations. In this essay, the case study method is used, with these three popular protests. Through studying these cases, the essay hopes to draw broader lessons about how these popular protests are interconnected and how they challenged the social order. This essay argues that both the French Wars of Religion and the Flour War caused social upheaval and have similarities with the French Revolution in terms of the political and social impact.
References
Arnauld Antoine, The Arrainment of the Whole Society of Jesuits in France, Holden in the Honourable Court of the Parlement of Paris (London: Charles Yetsweirt Esq., 1594).
Barens, Ingo, Volker Caspari and Bertram Schefold, Political Events and Economic Ideas (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2004).
Berce, Yves-Marie, Revolt and Revolution in Early Modern Europe: an Essay on the History of Political Violence (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1987).
Bohstedt, John, ‘The Moral Economy and the Discipline of Historical Context’, Journal of Social History (1992), 26.2: 265-284.
El Kenz, David, ‘Massacres during the Wars of Religion’, from SciencesPo, <https://www.sciencespo.fr/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance/en/document/massacres-during-wars-religion.html> [accessed 21 October 2020].
Jacques Le Goff and Paul Archambault, ‘An Interview with Jacques Le Goff’, in Historical Reflections (1995), 21.1: 155-185.
McIlvenna, Una, ‘How Bread Shortages Helped Ignite the French Revolution’, from History (2019), https://www.history.com/news/bread-french-revolution-marie-antoinette [accessed 22 October 2020].
‘Medieval Europe: the Feudal System’, from TimeMaps, https://www.timemaps.com/encyclopedia/medieval-europe-feudalism/ [accessed 20 October].
Stromberg, Roland, ‘Re-evaluating the French Revolution’, from The History Teacher (1986), 20.1: 87-107.
‘The Rise of Protestantism in France (1520-1562)’, Musee Protestant, <https://www.museeprotestant.org/en/notice/the-rise-of-protestantism-in-france-1520-1562/> [accessed 20 October 2020].
‘The Wars of Religion, Part I’, Le Poulet Gauche (2004), http://www.lepg.org/wars.htm [accessed 20 October 2020].
‘Thirty Years’ War’, History (2009), https://www.history.com/topics/reformation/thirty-years-war [accessed 21 October 2020].
Tulchin, Allan A., ‘Ending the French Wars of Religion’, in The American Historical Review (2015), 120.5: 1696-1708 (1698).
Vincent, Bernard, Louis XVI. France: Gallimard Folio Biographies (Paris: Gallimard, 2006).
Wood, James, ‘The Impacts of the Wars of Religion: A View of France in 1581’, The Sixteenth Century Journal (1984), 15.2: 131-168.
Zafirovski, Milan, ‘Calvinist Predestination and the Spirit of Capitalism: The Religious Argument of the Weber Thesis Reexamined’, Human Studies (2018), 41.4: 565-602.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Xinyao Zhang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The CC BY 4.0 license is a Creative Commons license. This is a non-copyleft free license that is good for art and entertainment works, and educational works. It is compatible with all versions of the GNU GPL; however, like all CC licenses, it should not be used on software. People are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format; Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. But they must conform to the following terms: Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Please check individual article PDF copies to see if any additional restrictions apply.
